ROT13 is the textbook example of a Caesar cipher with a fixed shift of 13. Because the Latin alphabet has 26 letters, applying the rotation twice returns the original text, which is why the same button on this page handles both encode and decode. ROT5 does the same trick for digits, and ROT47 extends it to the full printable ASCII range so symbols like ! @ # are also scrambled.
None of these are encryption in any meaningful sense — they're obfuscation, useful for hiding spoilers, puzzle answers, or test data from casual readers. Anything that needs to stay private should go through AES, not ROT.
No — it offers no real security. The original Usenet use case was hiding spoilers and punchlines, not protecting secrets. The cipher is symmetric and the key is published, so anyone can decode it instantly.
Both rotate by exactly half of the alphabet they cover (13 of 26 letters, 47 of 94 printable ASCII characters). Two rotations of half a cycle wrap all the way around, so encode and decode are the same operation.
ROT5 only touches digits 0–9 (5 ↔ 0, 6 ↔ 1, etc.) and leaves letters alone. Combine ROT13 + ROT5 ("ROT18") and you get a single pass that obfuscates both letters and digits.
It only operates on bytes 33–126 (printable ASCII). Anything outside that range — accented letters, emoji, CJK characters — passes through unchanged, so a paragraph of mixed scripts will be partially rotated.
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