The Caesar cipher is the simplest substitution cipher: each letter is shifted a fixed number of positions forward in the alphabet. Julius Caesar reportedly used a shift of 3 — A becomes D, B becomes E, and so on. It is trivially breakable by trying all 25 possible shifts, but it is still widely used in CTF (capture-the-flag) challenges, puzzles, and as a teaching example for cryptography concepts.
With only 25 possible keys, brute force is trivial — this tool shows all 25 decryptions simultaneously in the "Brute Force" tab. Frequency analysis is even faster: in English, E is the most common letter (~12.7%), followed by T (~9.1%), A (~8.2%), O (~7.5%). In the ciphertext, whichever letter appears most frequently is likely E — the shift between them is the key.
It has only 25 possible keys. A computer can try every one in microseconds. Even by hand, frequency analysis breaks it quickly. It provides no security against any attacker.
ROT13 is a Caesar cipher with shift 13. Because 26/2 = 13, ROT13 is its own inverse — applying it twice returns the original text. It is used on some forums to hide spoilers.
Only alphabetic characters are shifted. Spaces, digits, punctuation, and other characters are left exactly as-is, which itself is an information leak (word lengths are visible).
Caesar uses one shift value for the entire message. Vigenère uses a keyword where each letter sets the shift for the corresponding plaintext letter — making frequency analysis much harder.
See also the Vigenère Cipher, AES Cipher, and XOR Encryptor for stronger encryption options.